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Cuzco School

The Cuzco School of Art, or Escuela Cuzqueña, emerged in colonial Peru during the 16th and 17th centuries as a distinctive artistic tradition blending European and Indigenous influences.

Centred in the city of Cuzco, the former capital of the Inca Empire, the style was established by Spanish colonisers and Catholic missionaries, spreading European painting techniques to Indigenous and mestizo artists. While the art often depicted religious themes in line with Catholic teachings, it also featured local elements, such as native flora, fauna, and Andean symbolism. The style was not limited to Cuzco and spread to other locations in the Andes, as well as modern day Ecuador and Bolivia. While European artists initially taught in Cusco, most works were later created by anonymous Indigenous and mestizo artists who adapted the style to reflect their cultural identity.